HU Credits: 2

Degree/Cycle: 2nd degree (Master)

Responsible Department: criminology

Semester: 1st Semester

Teaching Languages: Hebrew

Campus: Mt. Scopus

Course/Module Coordinator: Dr. Aya Ben-Harush

Coordinator Email: ayale@mscc.huji.ac.il

Coordinator Office Hours: Tuesday, 13:30-14:30

Teaching Staff:
Dr. Aya Ben-Harush

Course/Module description:
The criminological field traditionally focused in male criminality; social perceptions mostly consider women as the victims of crime and not the offenders. Female criminality will be analyzed through the prism of gender theories, in an attempt to reveal those certain factors in women's lives which lead them to commit crimes, and in order to understand the similarities and differences between female criminality and male criminality. The course will discuss the longitudinal sequence of women's lives, and the process which leads from being a victim to being an offender among women.

Course/Module aims:
The course is designed to enable the students to become acquainted with the field of female criminality.

Learning outcomes - On successful completion of this module, students should be able to:
To recognize international trends in crimes committed by women.
To critically explore different theories which explain women's crime.
To identify the main life paths which lead women to crime.
To explain the relationship between being a victim and being an offender among women.
Discuss the different kinds of offenses women commit.

Attendance requirements(%):
-

Teaching arrangement and method of instruction:

Course/Module Content:
1. Women's criminality – International trends.
2. Gender-oriented observation: Theoretical explanations to women's offending.
3. From being a victim to being an offender.
4. Different types of women offenders: life paths which lead to crime
4.a. Drug use and dealing
4. b. Prostitution and women trafficking.
4. c. Violence and women's offending.
5. Women in prison.

Required Reading:
. פשיעת נשים –1. מגמות בין לאומיות
Goodstein, L. (2001). Introduction: Women, crime and criminal justice: An overview. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 1-10). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Steffensmeier, D. (2001). Female crime trends, 1960-1995. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 191-211). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Small, K. (2000). Female crime in the United States, 1993-1998: An update. Gender Issues, 18, 75-90.
Klein, D. (2003). The etiology of female crime. In E. McLaughlin., J. Muncie, & G. Hughes (Eds.), Criminological perspectives (pp. 182-210). London: Sage Publications.
Erez, E., Hassin, Y., & Rahav, G. (2000). Women, crime and justice in Israel: An update. Gender Issues, 18(3), 59-74.
2. התבוננות מגדרית: הסברים תיאורטיים לפשיעה ועבריינות בקרב נשים
Chesney-Lind, M., & Randall, G.S. (1998). Girls, delinquency and juvenile justice (pp. 7-27). Belmont, CA: West/Wadsworth.
Van Wormer, K., & Bartollas, C. (2000). Women and the criminal justice system (pp. 37-53). Needham: MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Steffensmeier, D., & Broidy, L. (2001). Explaining female offending. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 111-132). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Daly, K. (2002). Different ways of conceptualizing sex/gender in feminist theory and their implications for criminology. In S. Cote (Ed), Criminological Theories (pp. 277-284). London: Sage Publications.
Bloom, B., Owen, B., & Covington, S. (2004). Women offenders and the gendered effects of public policy. Review of Policy Research, 21, 31-48.
Chapple, C.L., McQuillan, J.A. & Berdahi, T.A. (2005). Gender, social bonds and delinquency: A comparison of boys and girls models. Social Science Research, 34, 357-384.
Ajzenstadt, M. (2009). The relative autonomy of women offenders' decision making. Theoretical Criminology, 13, (2), 201-225.

3. מקורבנות לפשיעה
זליגמן, צ. וסולומון, ז. (2004). הסוד ושברו. אוניברסיטת תל-אביב: הוצאת הקיבוץ המאוחד.
פישמן, ג. ומש, ג. (2006). אלימות כלפי נשים: גורמים המנבאים את קורבנותן. מגמות, מ"ד, 315-279.
Gilfus, M.E. (1992). From victims to survivors to offenders: Women's routes of entry and immersion into street crime. Women & Criminal Justice, 4(1), 63-89.
Eisikovitz, Z., Winstok, Z., & Fishman, G. (2004). The first Israeli national survey on domestic violence. Violence against women, 10(7), 729-748.
Katz, S. (2002). Criminalizing abused girls. Violence against Women, 8(12), 1474-1499.
Tyler, K.A., Hoyt, D.R., Whitbeck, L.M. (2000). The effects of early sexual abuse on later sexual victimization among female homeless and runaway adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15(3), 235-250.
Siegel, J.A., & Williams, L.A. (2003). The relationship between child abuse and female delinquency and crime: A prospective study. The Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 40(1), 71-95.
Stanko, E.A. (2001). Women, gender and criminology. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 13-26). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Chesney-Lind, M. (2001). Out of sight, out of mind: Girls in the juvenile justice system.
In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 27-43). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
4. סוגים של עבירות נשים: פתיחה - מסלולי חיים המובילים לפשע.
בן-הרוש, א. (2013). קריירה עבריינית וביטויי אימהות של נשים מכורות לסמים (עמ' 123-110). חיבור לשם קבלת תואר דוקטור בפילוסופיה, האוניברסיטה העברית, ירושלים.
Shechory, M., Perry, G., & Addad, M. (2011). Pathways to women’s crime: Differences between women convicted for drug, violence and fraud offenses. The Journal of Social Psychology, 151(4), 399-416.
Byrne, C.F. & Trew, K.J. (2008). Pathways through crime: the development of crime and desistance in the accounts of men and women offenders. The Howard Journal, 47(3), 238-258.
Leve, L.D., & Chamberlain, P. (2004). Female juvenile offendres: Defining an early-onset pathway for delinquency. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 13(4), 439-452.
א. שימוש וסחר בסמים
בן-הרוש, א. (2013). קריירה עבריינית וביטויי אימהות של נשים מכורות לסמים (עמ' 135-124). חיבור לשם קבלת תואר דוקטור בפילוסופיה, האוניברסיטה העברית, ירושלים.
חן, ג., ותימור, א. (2006). הבדלי מגדר במאפייני הפשיעה, בהתמכרות לסמים ובשינויים שחלו במרכיבי האישיות וברגשות השליליים של אסירים מכורים ה"נקיים" מסמים. מפגש לעבודה חינוכית-סוציאלית, 25, 114-93.
פוגל, ש. ובוכבינדר, א. (2009). החור השחור" חוויית הריקנות בקרב מכורים. חברה ורווחה, כ"ט (2-3), 251-282.
Baker, P.L. & Carson, A. (1999). "I Take Care of My Kids": Mothering practices of substance-abusing women. Gender and Society,13,(3), 347-363.
Banwell, C. & Bammer, G. (2006). Maternal habits: Narratives of mothering, social position and drug use. International Journal of Drug Policy, 17, 504-513.
Brown, E.J. (2006). Good mother, bad mother: Perception of mothering by rural African-American women who use cocaine. Journal of Addictions Nursing, 17, 21-31.
Coyer, S.M. (2003). Women in recovery discuss parenting while addicted to cocaine. The American Journal of Maternal /Child Nursing, 28, 45-49.
El-Bassel, N., Gilbert, L., Wu, E., Go, H. & Hill, J. (2005). Relationship between drug abuse and intimate partner violence: A longitudinal study among women receiving methadone. American Journal of Public Health, 95(3), 465-470.
Ehrmin, J.T. (2001). Unresolved feelings of guilt and shame in the maternal role with substance-dependent African American women. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 33(1), 47-52.
Ferraro, K.J. & Moe, A.M. (2003). Mothering, crime, and incarceration. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 32(1), 9-40.
Moe, A.M. (2006). Women, Drugs, and Crime. Criminal Justice Studies: A Critical Journal of Crime, Law and Society, 19(4), 337-352.
ב. זנות וסחר בנשים
גור, ע. (2008). מופקרות: נשים בזנות. תל-אביב: הוצאת הקיבוץ המאוחד.
לבנקרון, נ. ודהאן, י. (2003). אישה עוברת לסוחר: סחר נשים בישראל. תל-אביב וחיפה: מוקד סיוע לעובדים זרים, אישה לאישה: מרכז פמיניסטי חיפה, מרכז אדוה.
Cavaglion, G. (2010). Trafficking in women for sex in a global context: The case of Israel. In: M. Shechory, S. Ben David & D. Soen (Eds.) Who pays the price? Foreign workers, society, crime and the law (pp. 201-212). NY: Nova Science Publishers.
Farley, M., & Kelly, V. (2000). Prostitution: A critical review of the medical and social sciences literature. Women and Criminal Justice, 4, 29-64.
Meier, R.F. & Geis, G. (1997). Victimless crimes? Prostitution, drugs, homosexuality and abortion (pp. 27-65). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Maher, L. & Curtis, R. (1992). Women on the edge of crime: Crack cocaine and the changing contexts of street-level sex work in New York City. Crime, Law and Social Change, 18, 221–258.
Kurtz, S.P., Surratt, H.L., Inciardi, J.A. & Kiley, M.C. (2004). Sex work and ‘date’ violence. Violence Against Women, 10(4), 357–385.
ג. אלימות ועבריינות נשים
בן דוד, ש. (1991). אלימות נשים. עבריינות וסטיה חברתית, י"ח, 42-31.
גל, נ. (2003). אלימות נגד נשים: נורמה או סטייה? תל אביב: חדקל בע"מ.
רימלט, נ. (2001). כאשר נשים נעשות אלימות. פלילים, י (10), 277-326.
Holtzworth-Munroe, A. (2005). Female perpetration of physical aggression against an intimate partner: A controversial new topic of study. Violence and Victims, 20(2), 253-261.
Ferraro, K. (2001). Women battering: More than a family problem. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 135-153). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Osthoof, S. (2001). When victims become defendants: Battered women charged with crimes. In C.M. Renzetti, & L. Goodstein (Eds.), Women, crime and criminal justice: Original feminist readings (pp. 232-242). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Reid, B.V. (1992). A man’s home is his castle: Spousal rape in western society. In T.L. Whitehead & B.V. Reid (Eds.), Gender constructs and social issues (pp. 251-260). Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Straton, J.C. (2000). The myth of the ‘battered husband syndrome’. In M.B. Zinn, P. Hodagneu-Sotelo, & M.A. Messner (Eds.), Gender through the prism of difference (pp. 126-128). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
5. נשים בכלא
איזנשטדט, מ., סופר, מ. ושטיינברג, ע. (2010). בכלא אני נחה: אסירות מבעד לחומות. תל אביב: הוצאת הקיבוץ המאוחד.
Covington, S. (1998). Women in prison: Approaches in the treatment of our most invisible population. Women & Therapy, 21, 141-156.
Radosh, P.F. (2002). Reflections on women crime and mothers in prison: Peacemaking approach. Crime and Delinquency, 48(2), 300-315.
Bradley, R.B., & Davino, K.M. (2002). Women’s perceptions of the prison environment: When prison is “the safest place I’ve ever been”. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 351-359.

Additional Reading Material:

Course/Module evaluation:
End of year written/oral examination 0 %
Presentation 0 %
Participation in Tutorials 0 %
Project work 80 %
Assignments 0 %
Reports 0 %
Research project 0 %
Quizzes 0 %
Other 20 %
סיכום מאמר בכיתה

Additional information: