Syllabus - Sexual Violence During Wartime: Memory Narration and Representation (58927)

Syllabus Sexual Violence During Wartime: Memory Narration and Representation - 58927
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Last update 12-09-2022
HU Credits: 1 Degree/Cycle: 2nd degree (Master) Responsible Department: International Relations Semester: 1st Semester Teaching Languages: English Campus: Mt. Scopus Course/Module Coordinator: Dr. Andrea Peto Coordinator Email: petoa@ceu.edu Coordinator Office Hours: TBA Teaching Staff: Dr. Andrea Peto Course/Module description: 20th century has been “a century of wars, global and local, hot and cold” (Catherine Lutz). The course explores the different ways in which war and political violence are remembered through a gender lens. It also discusses theoretical, methodological and ethical problems of doing research in sexual violence in wartime. Course/Module aims: The aim of the course is to offer deep and critical insights into the literature on sexual violence. The topic of sexual violence has been handled only as one of the aspects of gender and conflict or ignored. The course uses examples from the Shoah, WWII and war against Ukraine to contextualize and analyze sexual violence during wartime. Learning outcomes - On successful completion of this module, students should be able to: Answer the following questions: Central questions include: What are the gendered effects of war, political violence, and militarization? How have wars, genocide, and other forms of political violence been narrated and represented? How do women remember and narrate gendered violence in war? How are post-conflict processes and transitional justice gendered? What is the relationship between testimony, storytelling, and healing? How is the relationship between the “personal” and the “public/national” reconstructed in popular culture, film, literature, and (auto)biographical texts dealing with war, genocide, and other forms of political violence? Attendance requirements(%): 100% Teaching arrangement and method of instruction: Classes are mapping the existing research and analyzing them using insights based on feminist research and theory. Argumentation and Analysis in individual projects as well as group and class discussions will be based on course readings, and not on anecdotal knowledge. Short writing assignments in the classroom will form the basis for most meetings and will sometimes be collected for evaluation. Course/Module Content: Theories Historical analogies: what do we learn from history? Sources that matter: what do we think we know based on the sources? Who are the perpetrators and how does somebody become a perpetrator? Militarism and masculinity Legal framework to the ICC and beyond Violence against men Children born from sexual violence Representations: films and literature Representations: monuments for victims of sexual violence Required Reading: The reading list is subject to changes and additional readings are on the course moodle. Catherine A. MacKinnon, “Rape, Genocide and Women’s Human Rights” in Mass Rape: The War against Women in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1994, 183-196. Miranda Alison, Debra Bergoffen, Pascale Bos, Louise du Toit, Regina Mühlhäuser, and Gaby Zipfel, “"My plight is not unique" Sexual violence in conflict zones: a roundtable discussion” in Eurozine, (2009) 1-18. Porter, Roy: Does Rape Have a Historical Meaning? In: Tomaselli, Sylvana – Porter, Roy (eds.): Rape. Oxford, Blackwell, 1986, 216–236. Catherine A. MacKinnon, “Turning Rape into Pornography: Postmodern Genocide” in Mass Rape: The War against Women in Bosnia-Herzegovina, London: University of Nebraska Press, 1994, 73-81. Robin M. Schott, "War Rape, Natality and Genocide." Journal of Genocide Research 13, 1-2, 2011: 5-21. Kirby, Paul: How is Rape a Weapon of War? Feminist International Relations, Modes of Critical Explanation and the Study of Wartime Sexual Violence. European Journal of International Relations 19.4 (2012) 797–821. Ronit Lentin, “Expected to Live: Women Shoah Survivors’ Testimonials of Silence,” Women’s Studies International Forum 23, 6 (2000):689-700. Aleida Assmann, “‘Four Formats of Memory’. From Individual to Collective Construction of the Past” in Cultural Memory and Historical Consciousness in the German-Speaking World Since 1500 (Papers from the Conference 'The Fragile Tradition', Cambridge 2002), Oxford: Peter Lang, 2004, pp.19-36. Mühlhäuser, Regina: The Historicity of Denial: Sexual Violence against Jewish Women during the War of Annihilation, 1941–1945. In: Altınay, Ayşe Gül – Pető, Andrea (eds.): Gendered Memories, Gendered Wars. Feminist Conversations on War, Genocide and Political Violence. New York – London, Routledge, 2016, 29–55. Agamben, Giorgio. ‘The Witness’ In Violence in War and Peace: an Anthology. Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Philippe Bourgois eds. Blackwell 2004, 437-442. Jennie E. Burnet, “Whose Genocide? Whose Truth? Representations of Victim and Perpetrator in Rwanda” in Genocide: Truth, Memory, and Representation, eds. A.L.Hinton and K. O’Neill. Durham: Duke University Press, 2009, 80-110. Greathouse, Sarah Michal – Saunders, Jessica – Matthews, Miriam – Keller, Kirsten M. – Miller, Laura L.: Characteristics of Male Perpetrators Who Sexually Assault Female Victims. In: A Review of the Literature on Sexual Assault Perpetrator Characteristics and Behaviors. Santa Monica, CA, RAND Corporation, 2015, 7–31. Bischl, Kerstin: Telling Stories: Gender Relationships and Masculinity in the Red Army 1941–1945. In: Röger, Maren – Leiserowitz, Ruth (eds.): Women and Men at War: A Gender Perspective on World War II and its Aftermath in Central Europe. Osnabrück, 2012, 117–134. Cynthia Enloe, “When Soldiers Rape” in Maneuvers: The International Politics of Militarizing Women’s Lives, Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 2000, 108-152. Read about the UN Security Council Resolution 1325. Beck, Birgit: Rape: The Military Trials of Sexual Crimes Committed by Soldiers in the Wehrmacht, 1939–1944. In: Hagemann, Karen – Schüler-Springorum, Stefanie (eds.): Home/Front: The Military, War and Gender in Twentieth Century Germany. Oxford, Berg, 2002, 255–274. Rhonda Copelon, “Surfacing Gender: Reconceptualizing Crimes against Women in Time of War” in The Women and War Reader, eds. Lois Ann Lorentzen and Jennifer Turpin, New York: New York University Press, 1998, 63-79. Chinkin, Christina M.: Women’s International Tribunal on Japenese Military Sexual Slavery. The American Journal of International Law 95.2 (2001) 335–341. Shadle, Brett L.: Rape in the Courts of Gusiiland, Kenya, 1940s–1960s. African Studies Review 51.2 (2008) 27–50. Gorris, Ellen Anna Philo: Invisible Victims? Where Are Male Victims of Conflict-related Sexual Violence in International Law and Policy? European Journal of Women’s Studies 22.4 (2015) 412–427. Vahé Tachjian, “Gender, Nationalism, Exclusion: the Reintegration Process of Female Survivors of the Armenian Genocide”, Nations and Nationalism 15, 1, 2009: 60-80. Denov, Myriam: Children Born of Wartime Rape: The Intergenerational Realities of Sexual Violence and Abuse. Ethics, Medicine and Public Health 11.1 (2015) 61–68. Stelz-Marx, Barbara: Soviet Children of Occupation in Austria: The Historical, Political and Social Background and its Consequences. European Review of History 22.2 (2015) 277–291. Susan Sontag, Regarding the Pain of Others, New York: Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, 2003. (selections) Mailander, Elissa: Making Sense of a Rape Photograph: Sexual Violence as Social Performance on the Eastern Front, 1939–1944. Journal of the History of Sexuality. 28.3 (2017) 489–520. Pető, Andrea, The New Monument of Victims of Military Sexual Violence in Budapest. Hungarian Studies Review 2021.2. Vol 48. pp. 209-216 Timm, Annette F.: The Challenges of Including Sexual Violence and Transgressive Love in Historical Writing on World War II and the Holocaust. Journal of the History of Sexuality 26.3 (2017) 351–365. Pető, Andrea, "Silencing and Unsilencing Sexual Violence in Hungary in Ville Kivimäki, Petri Karonen eds. Continued Violence and Troublesome Pasts- Post Wat Europe Between Victors after Second World War. SKS, Helsinki, 2017, pp. 132-148. You are required to read the required readings, bring them along to class, and be prepared to discuss each reading’s main and supporting arguments. Additional Reading Material: If I am not responding to your mail in 48 hours, send me a message to @petoandrea as CEU’s email system is often object of hacking. Course/Module evaluation: End of year written/oral examination 0 % Presentation 30 % Participation in Tutorials 20 % Project work 50 % Assignments 0 % Reports 0 % Research project 0 % Quizzes 0 % Other 0 % Additional information:

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