HU Credits: 4

Degree/Cycle: 1st degree (Bachelor)

Responsible Department: Political Science

Semester: 2nd Semester

Teaching Languages: Hebrew

Campus: Mt. Scopus

Course/Module Coordinator: Prof. Gideon Rahat

Coordinator Email: msgrah@mail.huji.ac.il

Coordinator Office Hours: Coordination through Email

Teaching Staff:
Prof Gideon Rahat

Course/Module description:
1 Introduction

2. How to prepare a research proposal, how to prepare a presentation, how to write a seminar

3. Personalization and personalism: definition and types
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 28-14.
Pedersen, Helene H. and Gideon Rahat . 2021. "Personalization and Personalized Politics: The Behavioral Dimension" Party Politics , 27 (2): 211-219.

Further reading

Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 1 15 - 125 .
Balmas , Meital , Gideon Rahat , Tamir Sheafer and Shaul Shenhav . 2014. “Two Routes to Personalized Politics: Centralized and Decentralized Personalization,” Party Politics , 20 ) 1 ( : 37-51.
Pruysers , S cott , William P. Cross and Richard Katz . 2018 . " Personalism, P ersonalization and P arty P olitics ," i n William P. Cross, Richard Katz and S cott Pruysers (eds) , The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 1–18.
Pruysers , S cott, and William P. Cross. 2016. " Research Note: ' Negative ' Personalization: Party Leaders and Party Strategy ," Canadian Journal of Political Science , 49 ( 3 ): 539-558.

4. Institutional personalization and personalism

Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 13 7 - 154 .
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 42-39, 69-67.
Marino, Bruno, Nicola Martocchia , Diodati and Luca Verzichelli . Forthcoming. “The Personalization of Party Politics in Western Europe (1985–2016): Evidence from an Expert Survey,” Acta Politica .

5. Personalization and personalism in the controlled (network) media

Zamir, Shahaf, and Gideon Rahat 2019 . Political personalization Online: Parties and politicians in Israel in a comparative perspective. Policy Research 124, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute.


6. Personalization and personalism in controlled and uncontrolled communication (not on the network)


Rahat , Gideon and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 1 54 - 160 .
Van Aelst , Peter, Tamir Sheafer and James Stanyer . 2012. “The Personalization of Mediated Political Communication: A Review of Concepts, Operationalizations and Key Findings.” Journalism , 13 ( 2 ): 203–220.
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 43-51, 71-70.
Carvonen Lauri. 2010. Chapter 4, “How Politics is Presented: Media and Personalization, ” The Personalization of Politics: A Study of Parliamentary Democracies . Colchester: ECPR Press, pp. 85-99.


7. Personalization and personalism in the behavior of politicians

Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 160-164.
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 61-52, 72-75.


8. Personalization and personalism in voters’ behavior

Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 16 4 -1 70 .
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 65-62, 76-75.
Garzia , Diego and Frederico Ferreira da Silva. 2021. “Negative Personalization and Voting Behavior in 14 Parliamentary Democracies, 1961–2018,” Electoral Studies , 71 (2): 1-11.


9. Comparative overview

Rahat , Gideon and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 192- 208 .


10. Causes for personalization
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 38-29.
or:
Rahat , Gideon and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 1 25 -136, 197-199 .

Rahat , Gideon , and Tamir Sheafer . 2007. “The Personalization (s) of Politics: Israel 1949-2003,” Political Communication , 24 ( 1 ): 65-80.
Garzia , Diego, Frederico Ferreira da Silva, and Andrea De Angelis. 2020. “Image that Matters: News Media Consumption and Party Leader Effects on Voting Behavior ,” The International Journal of Press / Politics , 25 (2): 238-259.


11. The political consequences of personalization
Rahat, Gideon. 2019. The decline of the group and the rise of the star (s). From partisan politics to personal politics . Policy Research 145, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 95-77.
or:
Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 208 - 220 .
Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Erica Frantz and Joseph Wright . 2017 . " The Global Rise of Personalized Politics: It's Not Just Dictators Anymore, " The Washington Quarterly , 40 ( 1 ): 7-19 .
Erica Frantz, Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Carisa Nietsche , Joseph Wright. 2021. “How Personalist Politics Is Changing Democracies,” Journal of Democracy , 32 (3): 94-108.
Mauro Calise . "The Personalization of Power". Studia Politica . Romanian Political Science Review 4: 617-622.

12. Class exam, submission of research proposals

Article presentations: Presenting and responding

13. Article presentations and discussion: Presidentialism
Poguntke , Thomas, and Paul Webb . 2018. “ Presidentialization , Personalization and Populism: The Hollowing out of Party Government,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds.), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 181–196.

As one unit:
Kefford , Glenn. 2013. “The Presidentialization of Australian Politics? Kevin Rudd's Leadership of the Australian Labor Party, ” Australian Journal of Political Science , 48 (2): 135-146.
Dowding, Keith. 2013. " Presidentialization Again: A Comment on Kefford ," Australian Journal of Political Science , 48 (2): 147-149.
Kefford , Glenn. 2013. “A Rejoinder to Dowding,” Australian Journal of Political Science , 48 (2): 150-151.


14. Article presentations and discussion: Institutionalized Personalization and Personalism - Government Institutions and Parties
Renwick, Alan, and Jean-Benoit Pilet . 2018. “Personalization, Personalism and Electoral Systems,” i n William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 19-38.
Gauja , A nika. 2018. “ Party O rganization and P ersonalization ,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 125–142.
or
Musella , Fortunato. 2020. “The Personalization of Italian Political Parties in Three Acts,” Contemporary Italian Politics, 12 (4): 411-424.


15. Article presentations and discussion: Personalization and media personalism - controlled communication (general)
Pruysers , S cott, and William P. Cross . 2018. “Personalism and Election Campaigning ,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) , The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 57-77.
Steffan , Dennis and Niklas Venema . Forthcoming. Personalized , D e- I deologised and N egative ? A L ongitudinal A nalysis of C ampaign P osters for German Bundestag E lections, 1949–2017, ” European Journal of Communication , 34 (3): 267–285.


16. Article presentations and discussion: Personalization and media personalism - controlled media (Internet)
Two of three:
Metz, Manon , True Kruikemeier and Sophie Lecheler . 2020. “ Personalization of P olitics on Facebook: E xamining the C ontent and E ffects of P rofessional, E motional and P rivate S elf- P ersonalization, ” Information, Communication & Society , 23 (10): 1481-1498.
Noon Nave, Nir , Limor Shifman , and Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt . Forthcoming. " Talking It Personally: Features of Successful Political Posts on Facebook ," Social Media + Society .
Kruikemeier , S anne , Guda van Noort , Rens Vliegenthart and Claes H. de Vreese . 2013. “ Getting C loser: The E ffects of P ersonalized and I nteractive O nline P olitical C ommunication ,” European Journal of Communication , 28 ( 1 ): 53–66.

17. Article presentations and discussion: Personalization and personalism - uncontrolled media
Amsalem, Eran, Alon Zoizner , Tamir Sheafer , Stefaan Walgrave , and Peter John Loewen. Forthcoming. " The Effect of Politicians' Personality on Their Media Visibility ," Communication Research .
Deacon, David , and Emily Harmer. 2019. “The P resent in R etrospect: Press R eporting of UK General Elections, 1918–2015,” Journalism . 20 (8): 994-1013.
Balmas , Meital and Tamir Sheafer . 2013. " Leaders First, Countries After: Mediated Political Personalization in the International Arena, " Journal of Communication , 63 ( 3 ): 454–475 .

18. Article presentations and discussion: Personalization and personalism in the behavior of politicians
Two out of four:
Wauters , Bram, Nicolas Bouteca , and Benjamin de Vet. 2021 _ “ Personalization of P arliamentary B ehavior : Conceptualization and E mpirical E vidence from Belgium (1995–2014) , ” Party Politics . 27 (2): 246-257.
Friedman, Avital , and Chen Friedberg. 2021 _ “Personalized P olitics and W eakened P arties— A n A xiom? Evidence from the Israeli C ase, ” Party Politics . 27 (2): 258-268.
Pedersen, Helene Helboe , and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde -Hudson. 2019 . “ Two S trategies for B uilding a P ersonal V ote: Personalized R epresentation in the UK and Denmark,” Party Politics , 59 (1): 17-26.
Chiru , Mihail . 2018 . “ Exploring the R ole of D ecentralized P ersonalization for L egislative B ehavior and C onstituency S ervice ,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) , The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 143–161.

19. Article presentations and discussion: Personalization and personalism in voter behavior
Two out of five:
da Silva, Ferreira , Frederico , Diego Garzia and Andrea De Angelis. 2021 _ “From party to L eader M obilization? The P ersonalization of V oter T urnout. ” Party Politics , 27 (2): 220-233.
Quinlan, Stephen and Ian McAllister. 2022. “Leader or party? Quantifying and exploring behavioral personalization 1996–2019, ” Party Politics , 28 (1): 24 - 37.
Ferreira da Silva, Frederico , & Patricio Costa. 2019. “Do We Need Warm Leaders? Exploratory Study of the Role of Voter Evaluations of Leaders' Traits on Turnout in Seven European Countries, ” Journal of Political Research , 58 (1): 117–140.
Bittner, Amanda 2021. “The Personalization of Politics in Anglo-American Democracies,” 3 (Article 660607): 1-16.
Tsfati , Yariv and Jonathan Cohen. Shira Dvir-Gvirsman2, Keren Tsuriel , Israel Waismel -Manor and R. Lance Holbert. Forthcoming. "Political Para-Social Relationship as a Predictor of Voting Preferences in the Israeli 2019 Elections," Communication Research , 1–30.

20. Article presentations and discussion: Reasons for personalization and personalism
Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 223-2 54 .
Diego Garzia , Frederico Ferreira da Silva & Andrea De Angelis. 2020. “Partisan Dealignment and the Personalization of Politics in West European Parliamentary Democracies, 1961–2018, West European Politics , 45 (2): 311-334.
Bøggild , Troels, Rosie Campbell, Marie Kaldahl Nielsen, Helene Helboe Pedersen and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde -Hudson. 2021 _ "Which P ersonality F its P ersonalized R epresentation?" Party Politics . 27 (2): 269-281.
21. Lesson Presentation and Discussion: Results of Personalization 1
Katz , R ichard S. _ 2018. “Personalization, Party Government and Democracy,” in William P. Cross , Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) , The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties . London: ECPR Press, pp. 215-232.
Rhodes-Purdy, Matthew and Raúl L. Madri . 2020. "The Perils of Personalism," Democratization , 27 (2): 321-339.

22. Article presentations and discussion: Results of Personalization 2
Fails, Matthew D. Forthcoming . " Oil I ncome and the P ersonalization of A utocratic P olitics ," Political Science Research and Methods .
Alexiadou , Despina and Eoin O'malley . Forthcoming. "The Leadership Dilemma: Examining the Impact of Strong Leaders on Parties." European Journal of Political Research .

23. Presentation of the studies of students (15 minutes, 15% grade on presentation, 5% for response)
24. Presentation of the studies of students (15 minutes, 15% grade on presentation, 5% for response)
25. Presentation of the studies of students (15 minutes, 15% grade on presentation, 5% for response)
26. Presentation of the studies of students (15 minutes, 15% grade on presentation, 5% for response)

27. How do you deal with personalization? Conclusions and recommendations including submission of position papers on the subject

Rahat , Gideon , and Ofer Kenig . 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 255-264.
Zamir, Shahaf and Gideon Rahat. 2019. Political personalization Online: Parties and politicians in Israel in a comparative perspective. Policy Research 124, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 95-92.
Hanson, Stephen E. and Jeffrey S. Kopstein . Forthcoming. “Understanding the Global Patrimonial Wave,” Perspectives on Politics, 1-13.
Rahat, Gideon, Ofer Koenig and Assaf Shapira. 2021. ' Rehabilitation of Parties in Israel: Why and How. Assaf Shapira , Ofer Koenig, Gideon Rahat (eds.), Rehabilitation of the Parties in Israel . Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 59-13.
Goya, Anika . 2021. Rehabilitation of parties in Israel In an age of personalization . ' Assaf Shapira, Ofer Koenig, Gideon Rahat (Eds.), Rehabilitation of the parties in Israel . Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute, pp. 156-123.

Course/Module aims:

Learning outcomes - On successful completion of this module, students should be able to:
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
* Analyze political personalization and personalism from a wide cross-national comparative perspective.
* Identify the challenges facing comparative political researchers in general and researchers of political personalization and personalism.
* To read and discuss in a critical manner studies in comparative politics in general and researchers of political personalization and personalism.
* To discuss central issues in comparative politics in an informed manner and with a theoretical understanding.
* Write an excellent seminar paper.
* To analyze and present academic articles.

Attendance requirements(%):
100

Teaching arrangement and method of instruction: Lectures (Teacher and students), discussions

Course/Module Content:
1. Introduction

2. Writing a seminar and prepering class presentations

3. Personalization and Personalism: Definition and Types
Personalization a: Definition and Types

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 115-125.
Pedersen, Helene H., and Gideon Rahat. Forthcoming. "Introduction: Political Personalization and Personalized Politics within and beyond the Behavioral Arena," Party Politics.

Student presentations:

Balmas, Meital, Gideon Rahat, Tamir Sheafer and Shaul Shenhav. 2014. “Two Routes to Personalized Politics: Centralized and Decentralized Personalization,” Party Politics, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 37-51.
Pruysers, Scott, William P. Cross and Richard Katz. 2018. “Personalism, Personalization and Party Politics,” in William P. Cross, Richard Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 1–18.
Pruysers, Scott, and William P. Cross. 2016. “Research Note: ‘Negative’ Personalization: Party Leaders and Party Strategy,” Canadian Journal of Political Science, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 539-558.
Poguntke, Thomas, and Paul Webb. 2018. “Presidentialization, Personalization and Populism: The Hollowing out of Party Government,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds.), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 181–196.

Institutional Personalization

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 137-146.

Student presentations:

Renwick, Alan, and Jean-Benoit Pilet. 2018. “Personalization, Personalism and Electoral Systems,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 19-38.

Institutional personalization: non-governmental institutions

Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 146-154.

Student presentations:

Stewart, David. 2018. “Primaries and the Personalization of Party Leadership,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 79–102.
Gauja, Anika. 2018. “Party Organization and Personalization,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 125–142.

Personalization of the uncontrolled media

Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 154-157.
Van Aelst, Peter, Tamir Sheafer and James Stanyer. 2012. “The Personalization of Mediated Political Communication: A Review of Concepts, Operationalizations and Key Findings.” Journalism, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 203–220.

Student presentations:

Amsalem, Eran, Alon Zoizner, Tamir Sheafer, Stefaan Walgrave, and Peter John Loewen. Forthcoming. “The Effect of Politicians’ Personality on Their Media Visibility,” Communication Research.
Deacon, David, and Emily Harmer. Forthcoming. “The Present in Retrospect: Press Reporting of UK General Elections, 1918–2015,” Journalism.
Balmas, Meital and Tamir Sheafer. 2013. “Leaders First, Countries After: Mediated Political Personalization in the International Arena,” Journal of Communication, Vol. 63, No. 3, pp. 454–475.

Personalization in the controlled media (internet)

זמיר, שחף, וגדעון רהט2019 .. פרסונליזציה פוליטית מקוונת: מפלגות ופוליטיקאים בישראל במבט השוואתי. ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה. https://www.idi.org.il/media/12563/political-personalization.pdf

Student presentations:

Manon Metz, Sanne Kruikemeier and Sophie Lecheler. Forthcoming. “Personalization of Politics on Facebook: Examining the Content and Effects of Professional, Emotional and Private Self- Personalization, Information, Communication & Society.
Noon Nave, Nir, Limor Shifman, and Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt. Forthcoming. “Talking It Personally: Features of Successful Political Posts on Facebook,” Social Media + Society.
Poulakidakos, Stamatis and Iliana Giannouli. 2019. “Greek Political Leaders on Instagram: Between “Soft” and “Hard” Personalization,” in Anastasia Veneti, Daniel Jackson and Darren G. Lilleker (eds), Visual Political Communication. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Graham, Todd, Daniel Jackson, and Marcel Broersma. 2018. “The Personal in the Political on Twitter: Towards a Typology of Politicians’ Personalized Tweeting Behaviours,” in Julia Schwanholz, Todd, Graham and Peter-Tobias Stoll. (eds), Managing Democracy in the Digital Age. Springer, Cham, pp. 137-157.
Kruikemeier, Sanne, Guda van Noort, Rens Vliegenthart and Claes H. de Vreese. 2013. “Getting Closer: The Effects of Personalized and Interactive Online Political Communication,” European Journal of Communication, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 53–66.
Gunn, Sara Enli, and Eli Skogerbø. 2013. “Personalized Campaigns in Party-Centered Politics, Information,” Communication & Society, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 757-774.
Livak, Lior, Azi Lev-On and Gideon Doron. 2011. “MK Websites and the Personalization of Israeli Politics,” Israel Affairs, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 445-466.
Hermans, Liesbeth, and Maurice Vergeer. 2013. “Personalization in E-Campaigning: A Cross-National Comparison of Personalization Strategies used on Candidate Websites of 17 Countries in EP Elections,” New Media & Society, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 72–92.

Personalization in the controlled media (propaganda)
Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 157-160.

Student presentations:

Karvonen Lauri. 2010. Chapter 4, “How Politics is Presented: Media and Personalization,” The Personalization of Politics: A Study of Parliamentary Democracies. Colchester: ECPR Press, pp. 85-99.
Steffan, Dennis and Niklas Venema. Forthcoming. “Personalised, De-Ideologised and Negative? A Longitudinal Analysis of Campaign Posters for German Bundestag Elections, 1949–2017,” European Journal of Communication.
Yin Chan, Hei. 2018. “The Territoriality of Personalization: New Avenues for Decentralized Personalization in Multi-Level Western Europe,” Regional & Federal Studies, Vol. 28. No. 2, pp. 107-123.
Pruysers, Scott, and William P. Cross. 2018. “Personalism and Election Campaigning,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 57-77.
Kriesi, Hanspeter. 2012. “Personalization of National Election Campaigns,” Party Politics, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 825–844.


Politicians Behavior

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 160-164.

Student presentations:

Wauters, Bram, Nicolas Bouteca, and Benjamin de Vet. Forthcoming. “Personalization of Parliamentary Behaviour: Conceptualization and Empirical Evidence from Belgium (1995–2014),” Party Politics.
Friedman, Avital, and Chen Friedberg. Forthcoming. “Personalized Politics and Weakened Parties—An Axiom? Evidence from the Israeli Case,” Party Politics.
Bøggild, Troels, Rosie Campbell, Marie Kaldahl Nielsen, Helene Helboe Pedersen and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde-Hudson. Forthcoming. “Which Personality Fits Personalized Representation?” Party Politics.
Pedersen, Helene Helboe, and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde-Hudson. Forthcoming. “Two Strategies for Building a Personal Vote: Personalized Representation in the UK and Denmark,” Party Politics.
Chiru, Mihail. 2018. “Exploring the Role of Decentralized Personalization for Legislative Behaviour and Constituency Service,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 143–161.

Voters Behaviour

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 164-170.

Student presentations:

Dodeigne, Jérémy, and Jean-Benoit Pilet. Forthcoming. “Centralized or Decentralized Personalization? Measuring Intra-Party Competition in Open and Flexible List PR Systems,” Party Politics.
Ferreira da Silva, Frederico, Diego Garzia and Andrea De Angelis. Forthcoming. “From party to Leader Mobilization? The Personalization of Voter Turnout.” Party Politics.
Daoust, Jean-Francois, Andre´ Blais and Gabrielle Pe´loquin-Skulski. Forthcoming. “What do Voters do When they Prefer a Leader from Another Party?” Party Politics.
Wauters, Bram, Peter Thijssen, Peter Van Aelst and Jean-Benoit Pilet. 2018. “Centralized Personalization at the Expense of Decentralized Personalization: The Decline of Preferential Voting in Belgium (2003–2014),” Party Politics, Vol. 24, No, 5, pp. 511–523.
Bittner, Amanda. 2018. “The Personalization of Parliamentary Elections?” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 39-55,
Zittel, Thomas. 2017. “'The Personal Vote,” in Kai Arzheimer, Jocelyn Evans & Michael S. Lewis-Beck (eds), The SAGE Handbook of Electoral Behaviour. London: SAGE, pp. 668-687.


General comparative outlook

Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 192-208.

Exam (20% of the grade)
Research proposal (10% of the grade)

Causes for Personalization
Causes for Personalization: General

Rahat, Gideon, and Tamir Sheafer. 2007. “The Personalization(s) of Politics: Israel 1949-2003,” Political Communication, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 65-80.
Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 197-199.
Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 125-136.
Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 223-254.

Causes for Personalization: different faces
Student presentations:

Liu, Imogen T. 2019. “Electoral Reform and the Behavioural Personalisation of Voters: The Impact of System Change on the Importance of Party Leader and Party Evaluations in New Zealand Elections.” Political Science.

Bøggild, Troels et al. Forthcoming. “Which Personality Fits Personalized Representation?” Party Politics.

Two pages essay on the causes of personalization (15% of the grade)

5a. The political consequences of personalization: General

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 208-220.

Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Erica Frantz and Joseph Wright. 2017. “The Global Rise of Personalized Politics: It's Not Just Dictators Anymore,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 7-19
Student presentations:

Katz, Richard S. 2018. “Personalization, Party Government and Democracy,” in William P. Cross, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 215-232.
Rhodes-Purdy, Matthew and Raúl L. Madri. 2020. ‘The Perils of Personalism,“ Democratization, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 321-339.
Denner, Nora, Benno Vuererbl, and Thomas Koch. 2019. “A Matter for the Boss? How Personalized Communication Affects Recipients’ Perceptions of an Organization During a Crisis,” International Journal of Communication, Vol. 13, pp. 2026–2044.

The political consequences of personalization: different Faces

Renwick, Alan, and Jean-Benoit Pilet. 2016. Faces on the Ballot: The Personalization of Electoral Systems in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 249-273.

Mazzoleni, Gianpietro. 2000. “A Return to Civic and Political Engagement Prompted by Personalized Political Leadership?”, Political Communication, Vol. 17, No. 4, p. 325-328.
Katz, Richard S. 2019. “Special Issue 2019: European and American Political Parties: Becoming More Similar?”, Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, Vol. 29, No.4, pp. 427-447.
Bol, Damien, Andre Blais, Xavier Gillard, Lidia Nunez Lopez and Jean-Benoit Pilet. 2018. Voting and Satisfaction with Democracy in Flexible-List PR,” Electoral Studies, Vol. 56, pp. 23–34.

5c. The political consequences of personalization: Non-Democratic Countries

Fails, Matthew D. Forthcoming. “Oil Income and the Personalization of Autocratic Politics,” Political Science Research and Methods .



6. Coping with political personalization: conclusions and summary

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 255-264.

זמיר, שחף וגדעון רהט. 2019. פרסונליזציה פוליטית מקוונת: מפלגות ופוליטיקאים בישראל במבט השוואתי. ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 92-95.
https://www.idi.org.il/media/12563/political-personalization.pdf


Two pages essay on coping with political personalization (15% of the grade)


7. Writing a seminar

8. Research Presentation (10% of the grade)

9. Summery and Conclusions

Required Reading:
רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 28-14.
Pedersen, Helene H. and Gideon Rahat. 2021. "Personalization and Personalized Politics: The Behavioural Dimension" Party Politics, 27(2):211-219.

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 137-154.
רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 42-39, 69-67.
Marino, Bruno, Nicola Martocchia, Diodati and Luca Verzichelli. Forthcoming. “The Personalization of Party Politics in Western Europe (1985–2016): Evidence from an Expert Survey,” Acta Politica.


זמיר, שחף, וגדעון רהט2019 . פרסונליזציה פוליטית מקוונת: מפלגות ופוליטיקאים בישראל במבט השוואתי. מחקר מדיניות 124, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה.

Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 154-160.
Van Aelst, Peter, Tamir Sheafer and James Stanyer. 2012. “The Personalization of Mediated Political Communication: A Review of Concepts, Operationalizations and Key Findings.” Journalism, 13(2): 203–220.
רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 43-51, 71-70.
Karvonen Lauri. 2010. Chapter 4, “How Politics is Presented: Media and Personalization,” The Personalization of Politics: A Study of Parliamentary Democracies. Colchester: ECPR Press, pp. 85-99.

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 160-164.
רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 61-52, 72-75.

Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 164-170.
רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 65-62, 76-75.
Garzia, Diego and Frederico Ferreira da Silva. 2021. “Negative Personalization and Voting Behavior in 14 Parliamentary Democracies, 1961–2018,” Electoral Studies, 71(2):1-11.


Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 192-208.

רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 38-29.
או:
Rahat, Gideon and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 125-136, 197-199.

Rahat, Gideon, and Tamir Sheafer. 2007. “The Personalization(s) of Politics: Israel 1949-2003,” Political Communication, 24(1): 65-80.
Garzia, Diego, Frederico Ferreira da Silva, and Andrea De Angelis. 2020. “Image that Matters: News Media Consumption and Party Leader Effects on Voting Behaviour,” The International Journal of Press/Politics, 25(2): 238-259.

רהט, גדעון. 2019. ירידת הקבוצה ועליית הכוכב(ים). מפוליטיקה מפלגתית לפוליטיקה אישית. מחקר מדיניות 145, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 95-77.
או:
Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 208-220.
Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Erica Frantz and Joseph Wright. 2017. “The Global Rise of Personalized Politics: It's Not Just Dictators Anymore,” The Washington Quarterly, 40(1): 7-19.
Erica Frantz, Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Carisa Nietsche, Joseph Wright. 2021. “How Personalist Politics Is Changing Democracies,” Journal of Democracy, 32(3): 94-108.
Mauro Calise. "The Personalization of Power". Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review 4:617-622.

Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 255-264.
זמיר, שחף וגדעון רהט. 2019. פרסונליזציה פוליטית מקוונת: מפלגות ופוליטיקאים בישראל במבט השוואתי. מחקר מדיניות 124, ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 95-92.
Hanson, Stephen E. and Jeffrey S. Kopstein. Forthcoming. “Understanding the Global Patrimonial Wave,” Perspectives on Politics, 1-13.
רהט, גדעון, עופר קניג ואסף שפירא. 2021. ״שיקום המפלגות בישראל: למה ואיך.״ באסף שפירא, עופר קניג, גדעון רהט (עורכים), שיקום המפלגות בישראל. ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 59-13.
גויה, אניקה. 2021. שיקום המפלגות בישראל בעידן של פרסונליזציה.״. באסף שפירא, עופר קניג, גדעון רהט (עורכים), שיקום המפלגות בישראל. ירושלים: המכון הישראלי לדמוקרטיה, עמ׳ 156-123.

Additional Reading Material:
Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 115-125.
Balmas, Meital, Gideon Rahat, Tamir Sheafer and Shaul Shenhav. 2014. “Two Routes to Personalized Politics: Centralized and Decentralized Personalization,” Party Politics, 20)1(:37-51.
Pruysers, Scott, William P. Cross and Richard Katz. 2018. “Personalism, Personalization and Party Politics,” in William P. Cross, Richard Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 1–18.
Pruysers, Scott, and William P. Cross. 2016. “Research Note: ‘Negative’ Personalization: Party Leaders and Party Strategy,” Canadian Journal of Political Science, 49(3):539-558.

Poguntke, Thomas, and Paul Webb. 2018. “Presidentialization, Personalization and Populism: The Hollowing out of Party Government,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds.), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 181–196.

כיחידה אחת:
Kefford, Glenn. 2013. “The Presidentialisation of Australian Politics? Kevin Rudd's Leadership of the Australian Labor Party,” Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(2): 135-146.
Dowding, Keith. 2013. “Presidentialisation Again: A Comment on Kefford,” Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(2):147-149.
Kefford, Glenn. 2013. “A Rejoinder to Dowding,” Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(2): 150-151.


Renwick, Alan, and Jean-Benoit Pilet. 2018. “Personalization, Personalism and Electoral Systems,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 19-38.
Gauja, Anika. 2018. “Party Organization and Personalization,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds) The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 125–142.
או
Musella, Fortunato. 2020. “The Personalization of Italian Political Parties in Three Acts,” Contemporary Italian Politics, 12(4):411-424.

Pruysers, Scott, and William P. Cross. 2018. “Personalism and Election Campaigning,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 57-77.
Steffan, Dennis and Niklas Venema. Forthcoming. “Personalised, De-Ideologised and Negative? A Longitudinal Analysis of Campaign Posters for German Bundestag Elections, 1949–2017,” European Journal of Communication, 34(3): 267–285.
Metz, Manon, Sanne Kruikemeier and Sophie Lecheler. 2020. “Personalization of Politics on Facebook: Examining the Content and Effects of Professional, Emotional and Private Self- Personalization,” Information, Communication & Society, 23(10): 1481-1498.
Noon Nave, Nir, Limor Shifman, and Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt. Forthcoming. “Talking It Personally: Features of Successful Political Posts on Facebook,” Social Media + Society.
Kruikemeier, Sanne, Guda van Noort, Rens Vliegenthart and Claes H. de Vreese. 2013. “Getting Closer: The Effects of Personalized and Interactive Online Political Communication,” European Journal of Communication, 28(1): 53–66.

Amsalem, Eran, Alon Zoizner, Tamir Sheafer, Stefaan Walgrave, and Peter John Loewen. Forthcoming. “The Effect of Politicians’ Personality on Their Media Visibility,” Communication Research.
Deacon, David, and Emily Harmer. 2019. “The Present in Retrospect: Press Reporting of UK General Elections, 1918–2015,” Journalism. 20(8): 994-1013.
Balmas, Meital and Tamir Sheafer. 2013. “Leaders First, Countries After: Mediated Political Personalization in the International Arena,” Journal of Communication, 63(3): 454–475.
Wauters, Bram, Nicolas Bouteca, and Benjamin de Vet. 2021. “Personalization of Parliamentary Behaviour: Conceptualization and Empirical Evidence from Belgium (1995–2014),” Party Politics. 27(2):246-257.
Friedman, Avital, and Chen Friedberg. 2021. “Personalized Politics and Weakened Parties—An Axiom? Evidence from the Israeli Case,” Party Politics. 27(2):258-268.
Pedersen, Helene Helboe, and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde-Hudson. 2019. “Two Strategies for Building a Personal Vote: Personalized Representation in the UK and Denmark,” Party Politics, 59 (1): 17-26.
Chiru, Mihail. 2018. “Exploring the Role of Decentralized Personalization for Legislative Behaviour and Constituency Service,” in William P. Cross WP, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 143–161.
da Silva, Ferreira, Frederico, Diego Garzia and Andrea De Angelis. 2021. “From party to Leader Mobilization? The Personalization of Voter Turnout.” Party Politics, 27(2):220-233.
Quinlan, Stephen and Ian McAllister. 2022. “Leader or party? Quantifying and exploring behavioral personalization 1996–2019,” Party Politics, 28(1): 24–37.
Ferreira da Silva, Frederico, & Patricio Costa. 2019. “Do We Need Warm Leaders? Exploratory Study of the Role of Voter Evaluations of Leaders’ Traits on Turnout in Seven European Countries,” Journal of Political Research, 58(1): 117–140.
Bittner, Amanda 2021. “The Personalization of Politics in Anglo-American Democracies,” 3 (Article 660607): 1-16.
Tsfati, Yariv and Jonathan Cohen. Shira Dvir-Gvirsman2, Keren Tsuriel, Israel Waismel-Manor and R. Lance Holbert. Forthcoming. “Political Para-Social Relationship as a Predictor of Voting Preferences in the Israeli 2019 Elections,” Communication Research, 1–30.
Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and Political Personalization in Democracies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 223-254.
Diego Garzia, Frederico Ferreira da Silva & Andrea De Angelis. 2020. “Partisan Dealignment and the Personalisation of Politics in West European Parliamentary Democracies, 1961–2018, West European Politics, 45(2): 311-334.
Bøggild, Troels, Rosie Campbell, Marie Kaldahl Nielsen, Helene Helboe Pedersen and Jennifer Anne vanHeerde-Hudson. 2021. “Which Personality Fits Personalized Representation?” Party Politics. 27(2):269-281.
Katz, Richard S. 2018. “Personalization, Party Government and Democracy,” in William P. Cross, Richard S. Katz and Scott Pruysers (eds), The Personalization of Democratic Politics and the Challenge for Political Parties. London: ECPR Press, pp. 215-232.
Rhodes-Purdy, Matthew and Raúl L. Madri. 2020. “The Perils of Personalism,“ Democratization, 27(2): 321-339.
Fails, Matthew D. Forthcoming. “Oil Income and the Personalization of Autocratic Politics,” Political Science Research and Methods.
Alexiadou, Despina and Eoin O'malley. Forthcoming. “The Leadership Dilemma: Examining the Impact of Strong Leaders on Parties.” European Journal of Political Research.


Rahat, Gideon, and Ofer Kenig. 2018. From Party Politics to Personalized Politics? Party Change and

Grading Scheme :
Essay / Project / Final Assignment / Referat 20 %
Presentation / Poster Presentation / Lecture/ Seminar / Pro-seminar / Research proposal 20 %
Mid-terms exams 20 %
Presentation / Poster Presentation / Lecture 20 %
Other 20 %

Additional information: