HU Credits: 2

Degree/Cycle: 2nd degree (Master)

Responsible Department: Hebrew Language

Semester: 1st Semester

Teaching Languages: Hebrew

Campus: Mt. Scopus

Course/Module Coordinator: Fassberg

Coordinator Email: steven.fassberg@mail.huji.ac.il

Coordinator Office Hours: by appointmen t

Teaching Staff:
Prof Steven Fassberg

Course/Module description:
Reading and analysis of Phoenician and Punic inscriptions in the light of their Northwest Semitic background vis-a-vis other NWS languages, in particular the Caananite languages but also Ugaritic and and Aramaic

Course/Module aims:
to reconstruct the Phoenician and Punic dialects, their development, and their relationship to other related languages, and in doing so, to open a window to Phoenician/Punic culture, religion, and literature

Learning outcomes - On successful completion of this module, students should be able to:
read and analyze Phoenician and Punic texts; understand the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the language and its position within the greater Semitic family

Attendance requirements(%):
100

Teaching arrangement and method of instruction: lecture, home preparation, and reading and analysis in class

Course/Module Content:
1. Introduction to Phoenician/Punic
2. Old Byblian inscriptions
3. Standard Byblian inscriptions
4. other Phoenician inscriptions
5. Punic inscriptions

Required Reading:
כתובות פניקיות ופוניות
ס' פסברג
(תשפ"ג)




י' אבישור, כתובות פניקיות והמקרא. ירושלים, תשל"ט.
נ' סלושץ, אוצר הכתובות הפניקיות. אוסף שירי ספרות כנען. תל-אביב תש"ב.
M. G. Amadasi Guzzo, Le iscrizioni fenicie e puniche delle colonie in occidente. Rome 1967.
Y. Avishur, Phoenician Inscriptions and the Bible: Select Inscriptions and Studies in Stylistic and Literary Devices Common to the Phoenician Inscriptions and the Bible. Tel Aviv –Jaffa 2000.
F.L. Benz, Personal Names in the Phoenician and Punic Inscriptions. Rome 1972.
F. Bron, Recherches sur les inscriptions phéniciennes de Karatepe. Geneva 1979.
G.A. Cooke, A Text-book of North-Semitic Inscriptions. Oxford 1903.
F.M. Cross, Jr. & D.N. Freedman, Early Hebrew Orthography: A Study of the Epigraphic Evidence. American Oriental Series 36. New Haven 1952.
H. Donner & W. Röllig, Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften3. Wiesbaden, 1971. Band 1: 5.,
erweiterte und überarbeitete Auflage. Wiesbaden 2002.
J. Friedrich & W. Röllig, Phönizisch-Punische Grammatik3. Analecta Orientalia 55. Rome 1999.
W.R. Garr, Dialect Geography of Syria-Palestine, 1000-586 B.C.E. Philadelphia 1985.
J.C. L. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions. Volume 3: Phoenician Inscriptions. Oxford 1982.
J.C. Greenfield, ˤAl Kanfei Yonah: Collected Studies of Jonas C. Greenfield on Semitic Philology, S.M. Paul, M.E. Stone and A. Pinnick (eds.). Jerusalem 2001.
Z.S. Harris, A Grammar of the Phoenician Language. American Oriental Series 8. New Haven 1936.
___, Development of the Canaanite Dialects: An Investigation in Linguistic History. American Oriental Series 16. New Haven 1939.
J. Hoftijzer & K. Jongeling, Dictionary of the North-West Semitic Inscriptions. 2 vols. Leiden 1995.
R. Holmstedt & A. Schade, Linguistic Studies in Phoenician in Memory of J. Brian Peckham. Winona
Lake, Indiana 2013.
K. Jongeling, Handbook of Neo-Punic Inscriptions. Tübingen 2008.
K. Jongeling & R. M. Kerr, Late Punic Epigraphy. Tübingen 2005.
R.M. Kerr, “Latino-Punic and Its Linguistic Environment: An Investigation of the Tripolitanian Latino-
Punic and Related Inscriptions from Roman North Africa with Some Reference to Libyan and
Latin.” Ph.D. thesis, Universiteit Leiden 2005.
—_, Latino-Punic Epigraphy. Forschungen zum Alten Testament 2. Reihe 42. Tübingen 2010.
C. Krahmalkov, Phoenician-Punic Dictionary. Orientalia Lovaniensai Analecta 90. Leuven 2000.
___, A Phoenician-Punic Grammar. Handbook of Oriental Studies 54. Leiden 2001.
V. Krings (ed.), La civilisation phénicienne et punique: manuel de recherche. Handbook of Oriental Studies 20. Leiden 1995.
M. Sznycer, Les passages puniques en transcription latine dans le “Poenulus” de Plaute. Paris 1967.
S. Segert, A Grammar of Phoenician and Punic. Munich 1976.
J. Tropper, Die Inschriften von Zincirli: neue edition und vergleichende Grammatik des phönizischen, sam’alischen und aramäischen Textkorpus. Münster 1993.
P. Xella, ed., The Tophet in the Phoenician Mediterranean. Verona 2013.


מאמרים נבחרים

מ' גושן-גושטיין, "לדרכי היידוע בכתובות הפניקיות והפוניות", לשוננו יד (תש"ו), 38-19.
W. F. Albright, “The Phoenician Inscriptions of the Tenth Century B.C. from Byblus,” Journal of the American Oriental Society 67 (1947) 153-160.
M.G. Amadasi Guzzo, “MSKT à Karatepe,” Orientalia 69 (2000) 72-80.
___ & G. Rendsburg, “Phoenician/Punic and Hebrew,” Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and
Linguistics. Leiden 2013.
S.L. Boyd, “The Use of the Relative and Near Demonstrative Pronouns in the Introduction of
Phoenician, Old Aramaic, and Sam’alian Dedication Inscriptions,” Journal of the American
Oriental Society 141 (2021) 539-556.
A. Cooper, “A Note on the Vocalization of עשתרת,” Zeitschrift für Alttestmentliche Wissenschaft 102
(1990) 98-100.
F.M. Cross, Jr. & D.N. Freedman, “The Pronominal Suffixes of the Third Person Singular in Phoenician,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 10 (1951) 228-230.
A. Dotan, “Stress Position and Vowel Shift in Phoenician and Punic,” Israel Oriental Studies 6 (1976) 71-121.
J. Fox, “A Sequence of Vowel Shifts in Phoenician and Other Languages, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 55 (1996) 37-47.
E. Fromage, “The Definite Article in Phoenician,” Maarav 9 (2002) 33-53.
J.C. Greenfield, “Scripture and Inscription: The Literary and Rhetorical Element in Some Early Phoenician Inscriptions,” 253-268 in H. Goedicke (ed.), Near Eastern Studies in Honor of W.F. Albright. Baltimore 1971.
H. Gzella, “Die Entstehung des Artikels im semitischen: eine ‘Phönizische’Perspektive’,” Journal of Semitic Studies 51 (2006) 1-18.
___, “Phoenician’ 55-75 in H. Gzella (ed.), Languages from the World of the Bible. Boston/Berlin
2012.
___, “The Linguistic Position of Old Byblian,” 170-198 in Holmstedt & Schade (eds.), Linguistic
Studies in Phoenician.
J.A. Hackett, "Phoenician and Punic," 365-385 in R.D. Woodard (ed.), Cambridge Encyclopaedia of
the World's Ancient Languages. Cambridge 2004.
R. Hasselbach, “Phoenician Case in Typological Context,” 199-225 in in Holmstedt & Schade (eds.),
Linguistic Studies in Phoenician.
J. Huehnergard, “The Development of the Third Person Suffixes in Phoenician,” Maarav 7 (1991) 183-194.
F. Israel, “Some Conservative Features of Phoenician in the Light of Geographic Linguistics,” 729-744 in A.S. Kaye (ed.), Semitic Studies in Honor of Wolf Leslau. Wiesbaden 1991.
______, “La radice hapak tra lettura politica dell’iscrizione di Ahirom et testi economici assiro-
aramaici,” 365-376 in G.B. Lanfrachi et al. (eds.), Leggo! Studies Presented to Frederick
Mario Fales on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday. Wiesbaden 2012.
S.A. Kaufman, “The Phoenician Inscription of the Incirli Trilingual: A Tentative Reconstruction and
Translation,” Maarav 14 (2007) 7-26.
R.M. Kerr, “Phoenician-Punic: The View Backward― Phonology versus Paleography,” 9-29 in R.D.
Holmstedt & A. Schade (eds.), Linguistic Studies in Phoenician.
C. Krahmalkov, “The Punic Speech of Hanno,” Orientalia 39 (1970) 52-74.
____________, “The Qatal with Future Tense Reference in Phoenician,” Journal of Semitic Studies 31 (1986) 5-10.
____________, “Observations on the Punic Monologues of Hanno in the Poenulus,” Orientalia 57 (1988) 55-66.
T.O. Lambdin, “The Junctural Origin of the West Semitic Definite Article,” 315-333 in H. Goedicke (ed.), Near Eastern Studies in Honor of W.F. Albright. Baltimore 1971.
A. Lemaire, “Une inscription phénicienne découverte récemment et le mariage de Ruth la moabite,” Eretz-Israel 20 (1989) 124-129.
E. Lipiński, “Le Gérondif en Phénicien,” Journal of Semitic Studies 55 (2010) 1-10.
Loder, C.W., “The Short-Form of the Phoenician First-Person Independent Pronoun
Reassessed,"”Journal of Semitic Studies 64 (2019) 317-328.
G.A. Long, “A Kinsman Redeemer in the Phoenician Inscription from Cebel Ires Daği,” Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 103 (1991) 421-424.
________& D. Pardee, “Who Exiled Whom? Another Interpretation of the Phoenician Inscription from Cebel Ires Daği,” Aula Orientalis 7 (1989) 207-213.
P.G. Mosca & J. Russell, “A Phoenician Inscription from Cebel Ires Daği in Rough Cilicia,” Epigraphica Anatolica 9 (1987) 1-28.
H.-P. Müller, “Ein wanderndes Kulturwort? Isoglossen zu Phönizisch HBRK KAI 26 A I 1,” Rivista di
Studi Fenici 29 (2001) 13-26.
N. Pat-El, “On Negation in Phoenician,” 47-67 in R.D. Holmstedt & A. Schade (eds.), Linguistic
Studies in Phoenician.
W. Röllig, “Phoenician and Punic,” 472-479 in S. Weninger et al. (eds.,), The Semitic Languages: An
International Handbook. Berlin/Boston 2011.
A. Schade, “A Text Linguistic approach to the Syntax and Style of the Phoenician Inscription
of Azatiwada,” Journal of Semitic Studies 59 (2005) 35-58.
————, “Blessings in the Phoenician and Luwian Inscriptions of Azatiwada,” Journal of Semitic Studies 64 (2019) 329-351.
S. Segert, “Phoenician and Punic Phonology,” Vol. I: 55-64, in A.S. Kaye (ed.), Phonologies of Asia and Africa. Winona Lake 1997.
_______, “Phoenician and the Eastern Canaanite Languages,” 174-186 in R. Hetzron (ed.), The Semitic Languages. London 1997.
A.M. Wilson-Wright, “The Canaanite Languages,” 509-532 in J. Huehnergard & N. Pat-El (eds.),
The Semitic Languages2. London 2019.
I. Yakubovich, “Phoenician and Luwian in Early Iron Age Cilicia,” Anatolian Studies 65 (2015) 35-53.
K.L. Younger, Jr., “The Phoenician Inscription of Azatiwada: An Integrated Reading,” Journal of Semitic Studies 43 (1998) 11-46.



W.W. Hallo (ed.), The Context of Scripture, Vol. 2: Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World. Leiden 2000; Vol. 3: Archival Documents from the Biblical World. Leiden 2002.
J.B. Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament3. Princeton 1969.


J.D. Hawkins, Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions. Vol. I: Inscriptions of the Iron Age, Part I, 45-71. Berlin 2000.
W. Röllig, Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions. Vol. II: Karatepe-Aslantaş. The Inscriptions: Facsimile Edition, Appendix 1, 50-81. Berlin 1999.


http://www.inscriptifact.com/
Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Phoenician Culture I: Historical Characters, eds. A. Ercolani et al. Leuven 2018.

C. López-Ruiz & B.R. Doak (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Phoenician and Punic Mediterranean. Oxford 2019.

Additional Reading Material:

Course/Module evaluation:
End of year written/oral examination 0 %
Presentation 0 %
Participation in Tutorials 0 %
Project work 0 %
Assignments 100 %
Reports 0 %
Research project 0 %
Quizzes 0 %
Other 0 %

Additional information: